{"id":1407,"date":"2015-01-11T00:31:55","date_gmt":"2015-01-11T00:31:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/?p=1407"},"modified":"2015-01-12T14:12:09","modified_gmt":"2015-01-12T14:12:09","slug":"spelling-variation-and-the-voynich-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/?p=1407","title":{"rendered":"Spelling variation and the Voynich manuscript"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the past I have argued that we must take account of spelling <\/em><\/strong>variation<\/em><\/strong> when we study the Voynich manuscript Richreach download<\/a>. Many people fail to realise how common it was for mediaeval\u00c2\u00a0scribes\u00c2\u00a0to use a variety of different spellings even for the same words on the same line \uc7ac\ubc0c\ub294 \uac8c\uc784 \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a>. Standardised spelling conventions are a modern obsession which we mustn’t apply to the Voynich.<\/p>\n

Here is\u00c2\u00a0a good example of the kind of spelling\u00c2\u00a0variation I’m talking about.\u00c2\u00a0Look at this image (below) from the wonderful 14th century\u00c2\u00a0Occitan manuscript<\/a> I have discussed before abbyy pdf transformer \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"occitan_sun_variation\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Look especially at the words for ‘sun’ Servlet Excel<\/a>. Remember that the Voynich manuscript has similar images of the sun (and moon) with words around them which might mean ‘sun’ (or moon). When we look at these words in the Voynich manuscript we might assume that there will be ONE clear word for sun and\u00c2\u00a0ONE for moon Download Chungbuk Communication Messenger<\/a>. That would be a mistake. This example shows that we need to think more flexibly, and expect variation.<\/p>\n

The language in the image above\u00c2\u00a0is Occitan, but if you speak French you will recognise two variants of the word ‘sol’<\/em>,\u00c2\u00a0each\u00c2\u00a0starting with a \u00c2\u00a0different variety of the letter ‘s’, a full one like a modern capital ‘S’ (n<\/strong>umbered 1<\/strong><\/em> in the picture above<\/strong><\/em>), plus the word ‘sol written with a smaller ‘s’\u00c2\u00a0looking rather like an ‘f’ (number 2<\/strong><\/em>] openjdk 1.7 \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a>. That is two variants already.<\/p>\n

Then in the ring around the sun you will also see words resembling the French ‘soleil’ (highlighted in purple).\u00c2\u00a0 This word is itself written in a number of different ways: one\u00c2\u00a0version written with a large S – Solhelh<\/em> (at about 6 o’clock, n<\/strong>umber\u00c2\u00a03<\/strong><\/em>), plus others written with a small ‘s’ resembling an ‘f’:\u00c2\u00a0solelh<\/em> [n<\/strong>umber 4],\u00c2\u00a0<\/strong>solhelh<\/em>\u00c2\u00a0[number\u00c2\u00a05<\/strong><\/em>], solhel<\/em> [number 6]<\/strong><\/em>, and one version broken into so-<\/em> and –lelh<\/em> [number 7] \ud669\ucc9c\uc218 \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

By my count that is a total of\u00c2\u00a07 different written variants<\/strong><\/em>, all meaning ‘sun’, written on the same page presumably by\u00c2\u00a0the same scribe unit convert<\/a>. To me this is an interesting example of typical mediaeval spelling variation.<\/p>\n

What does this mean for the Voynich manuscript? Simply, we must\u00c2\u00a0be prepared to find\u00c2\u00a0spelling variation, possibly a lot, with\u00c2\u00a0the same ‘word’ spelled in a number of different ways even on the same page or the same line \ub2e4\uc74c\ud31f \ud50c\ub808\uc774\uc5b4 \uad6c\ubc84\uc804 \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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In the past I have argued that we must take account of spelling variation when we study the Voynich manuscript Richreach download. Many people fail to realise how common it was for mediaeval\u00c2\u00a0scribes\u00c2\u00a0to use a variety of different spellings even for the same words on the same line \uc7ac\ubc0c\ub294 \uac8c\uc784 \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc. Standardised spelling conventions are … <\/p>\n

Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-voynich","category-voynich_script_and_language"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1407"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1420,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1407\/revisions\/1420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenbax.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}